Scope tube diameter...
As you likely know a 30 mm tube will not really give you a better light transmission in a significant way over a 1" (25.4 mm) tube. A rifle scope is too short for the small diameter difference to have a meaningful impact on transmitted light.
What a 30 mm tube gives you is an increased range of internal mechanical adjustments. With modern long range shooting, people think: "ability to click more corrections." This is true enough, but originally this really allowed for scopes that were not mounted perfectly parallel to the axis of the bore, to still be zeroed without having to shim the rings, upward or sideways. Very useful!
This usefulness continues to this day as it is notoriously difficult to mount bases perfectly aligned with the bore axis, and there are many barrels screwed not perfectly in alignment with their action. These too benefit from the increased range of internal scope adjustments, even though the scope may be perfectly aligned with the action, because the scoped action may not be perfectly aligned with the barrel
What scope to choose - Why do optics numbers matter...
What is really important, optically, beside the quality of the glass, is the diameter of the front objective.
Few people know why traditional European scopes were 4 x 28 mm, 6 x 42 mm, 8 x 56 mm, etc. It is because the typical human eye pupil at full dilation is generally around 7 mm in diameter. Therefore, the formula to calculate the front objective diameter that allows a light beam 7 mm wide to reach the shooter's 7 mm pupil at dusk or dawn, is to multiply the magnification by the pupil diameter.
Therefore, 4x magnification x 7 mm pupil size = 28 mm front objective; 6x magnification x 7 mm pupil size = 42 mm front objective; 8x magnification x 7 mm pupil size = 56 mm front objective, etc.
In so many words, variable scopes start transmitting less light than a typical human eye can use at dusk or dawn, when the objective diameter (expressed in mm) divided by the magnification drops below 7. For example, a 50 mm objective 3-15x variable scope provides at dawn and dusk less light than the human eye can use when it is cranked up past 7x (50 mm / 7x = 7.1 mm light beam but 50 mm / 9x = 5.5 mm light beam, 50 mm / 11x = 4.5 mm light beam, etc.).
You can check this easily for yourself at dusk. Crank any scope at full magnification in the last minutes of light and while looking through it, crank the magnification down slowly. The image will become visibly brighter as the magnification decreases.
What this means is that if clarity/brightness
at dusk and dawn is important to you, you need to keep these numbers in mind.
Keep in mind too that the human pupil contracts to about 3 mm in full sun light, so in bright daylight, any combination of objective diameter and magnification that still delivers a 3 mm light beam is sufficient. For example, that same 50 mm scope cranked all the way to 15x still delivers a 3.3 mm light beam. This is perfect at high noon.
What magnification do you actually need for big game hunting?
I have personally never understood why anyone could possibly need more than 6x magnification for
hunting big game, all the way to 400 yards, but modern marketing has me soundly defeated
I chuckle seeing even Zeiss succumb to fashion and put out 6-24 hunting scopes on the market. To hunt what? Squirrels at 800 yards? The old 1.5-6 x 42 mm was likely the very best compromise, but the modern 2-10x (or 2-12x, or 3-15x) x 50 mm can be cranked down in low light, so why not...
I personally do not spend money on scopes featuring a variable mechanism with a ratio exceeding 4. To me a 1.5-6x variable (4 times 1.5 = 6) is perfect. So is a 2.5-10x (4 times 2.5 = 10) although I do prefer going down to 1.5x on the low end because I can shoot really quickly, up close, with both eyes open. A 3-12 (4 times 3 = 12) is still fine I suppose.
Therefore, TO ME, the Z4 (Swarovski) and V4 (Zeiss) generations were the optimum costs/benefits rifle scopes because I do not really see the need for more than 6x or 10x
for big game hunting.
Variable mechanisms with a 5 ratio (Swarovski Z5) or 6 ratio (Swarovski Z6, Zeiss V6, etc.) or 8 ratio (Swarovski Z8, Zeiss V8, etc.) are TO ME excess cost over reduced benefits for three reasons:
1- As discussed above I have no use for 16x, 20x, 30x in a big game hunting scope.
2- The brightness drops like a rock in low light as soon as the magic 7 mm beam is reduced. A 15x magnification with a 50 mm objective means a 3.3 mm light beam. This means that barely half of the light your eye could use at dusk or dawn actually reaches it...
2- Folks end up frenetic in confusion trying to find their target in their 12x, 16x etc. scopes' reduced field of view, while a 6x is all they need to shoot and offers twice or three times the field of view...
But as I said, the frenetic marketing of ever bigger telescope-sized rifle scopes as me utterly obsoleted, and that is quite fine with me. At least I know and understand why I am buying what I am buying. Varminting or military sniping are obviously different applications that require different optics... But here too I am likely obsolete because I do not subscribe to transforming hunting into sniping. I would rather hunt closer than shoot further. To me 400 meters / yards is plenty far enough. I shoot enough steel at 1,000 meters to know the actual chances of a clean kill at 600 or 800 yards from a field position. 'nough said...
Rings for the CZ 550...
Regarding scope mounts, the double square bridge of the CZ 550 has a dovetail machined into it. You need neither swing mounts nor claw mounts, nor extra bases, etc. The strongest, tightest and safest scope mounts - detachable with levers, or not - (also the cheapest at $100) are those that clamp directly into the dovetails.
Warnes, Talley and Alaska Arms are equally good. Others may not be as strong, or may be too high etc.
- The rear ring recoil lug is located at the front edge of the ring on the Talley, so the Talley ring seats in the middle of the rear bridge. This is ideal. The recoil lug is located in the middle of the ring on the Warnes, so the rear ring seats at the front edge of the rear bridge. This may be a bit in the way when top loading. The Talley have a flat top. The Warnes have a pointed top. Different looks...
- Both Talley and Warnes have the lever on the right side and the recoil lug on the left side, which means that the recoil lug is not part of the moving clamp but it is part of the ring itself. This is preferable.
- Conversely, the Alaska Arms have the lever on the left side and the recoil lug is part of the moving clamp. This is less repeatable. However, the unique lever camming system of the Alaska Arms make them the easiest and fastest to remove.
They are all great. Take your pick.
I personally started with Alaska Arms rings and moved to Talley rings because the Alaska Arm levers on the left side occasionally dug into my side when I carried the rifle on the sling with a light shirt. I also prefer the Talley flat tops to the Warnes pointed tops, and I prefer the rear ring to be centered on the rear square bridge.
Picture: Talley Manufacturing.
The other big advantage of NOT adding swing or claw mounts, etc. to the CZ 550, and using the bridge dovetail for the rings, besides strength, is that it keeps the scope low over the bore.
Rings height
In terms of rings height, the classic American view of the best height is the lowest possible height that clears both the scope bell objective, and the bolt handle. The reason for this is that the lower the scope is above the bore axis, the less difference is involved in calculating long range point of impact above or below point of aim. Low scope mount makes perfect sense, especially for shooters, like American shooters, who must crawl their stock and bend their neck hard to reach the sights because the typical American rifle stock profile is higher and does not have the drop of the "hogback" of the typical European stock.
German shooters typically viewed things differently in the past. Their scopes were generally mounted quite high because they did not care so much about long range shooting, but they wanted scopes mounted in a location where they could quickly acquire a sight picture when snap shooting at driven game at short or medium range. A high mounted scope does not require bending one's neck to align the eye with the glass.
Conversely, keep in mind that high rings put the scope closer to your forehead when the rifles rotates up and back under recoil. Beware getting hit by the scope on high recoiling rifles...
When all is said and done, rings that are 0.5" (half inch) high from the top of the base to the bottom of the scope tube generally provide the best compromise for CZ 550 rifles. They allow up to 57 mm objective bells, and clear comfortably, but not excessively, the bolt handle with the wide oculars such as Zeiss or Leica.
A few words of caution regarding scope selection for the CZ 550
Regarding mounting scopes on the CZ 550, you likely already know that CZ produced two 550 action lengths. So-called "American" or "Express" rifles have a "standard length" (30-06) action, and so-called "Safari" rifles have a "magnum length" (.416 Rigby) action. In both cases the scope bases are integral to the action front and rear square bridges. This is one of the advantages of the CZ 550 action over other actions: these bases will never come loose, as screwed-on bases tend to on magnum calibers. This also means that the position of the rings is fixed, and you need to pay close attention to the measurements of the scope tube to make sure that it is long enough between the front objective and rear ocular bells to fit over the magnum action.
For example, the section of 30 mm tube on the 1.5-6 x 42 Schmidt & Bender is too short for the scope to mount on the CZ 550 Safari
magnum length action. Depending on your scope this may or may not be a problem, but it is worth checking. The length of the action between front and rear bridges may be longer than the section of 30 mm tube on many scopes - especially the new generation of short scopes produced in the last 2 or 3 years - and some newer scopes, like the Leica Magnus 1.5-10x42 or 1.8-12x50, may not fit between the bridges because their tube is be too short.
I will spare you a lot of time and frustration by sharing this little drawing I put together regarding the scopes requirements for the CZ 550 magnum-length action:
If the tube length "B" is not at least 5.31”/13.5 cm long, the scope is too short to mount over the CZ 550 magnum-length action with rings that clamp directly into the bridge dovetails. If the objective bell length "C" is longer than 4.9”/12.5 cm it will collide with the rear iron sights, with 1/2" high rings that keep the scope low over the barrel as desired. If the objective bell diameter "D" is wider than 2.25”/57 mm it will collide with the barrel, with 1/2" high rings that keep the scope low over the barrel as desired. If the ocular length "A" is significantly longer than ~4”/~10 cm, the risk increases for the scope to hit you under recoil.
When I scoped my 3 matching CZ 550 (.300 Wby, .375 H&H, .416 Rigby), the desirable scopes with light-gathering 42 or 44 mm objectives included:
I am sure that there are plenty more (Night-force, Vortex, etc. etc.) but I use only Leica, Schmidt & Bender, Swarovski and Zeiss scopes myself, and I see no point in paying for a Z8 or V8. Regardless of which scope you chose, it will pay the check if it fits in the above table
Straight tube scopes?
The classic way to eliminate the challenge is to mount a straight tube scope that does not have an objective bell at the front - they all fit – but, until recently these scopes did not offer more than 4x magnification, with is a little low for the .300 and even the .375 H&H when used on plains game (PG) with 250 gr or 235 gr bullets. Variable scopes now exist with straight tubes and 1-6x, or more, variable magnification, so this solves this problem. However, and more importantly, straight tube scopes have by necessity very narrow objectives (typically 24 mm) and their light-gathering capability is minimal at dawn and dusk when a 42 or 44 mm objective is much preferred.
Straight tube desirable scopes for the CZ 550 magnum-length action include all straight tube scopes with ~1x magnification at the lower end of the variable range: Zeiss Conquest V4 1-4x24; Zeiss Conquest V6 1.1-6x24; Swarovski Z6 1-6x24; Swarovski Z8 1-8x24; Leica Visus 1-4x24; Leica Magnus 1−6.3x24; Schmidt & Bender 1.1-4x24 Zenith; Schmidt & Bender 1.1-5x24 Stratos; Schmidt & Bender 1-8x24 Exos; as well as a number of Leupold, Vortex, etc. scopes.
What I have on my own CZ 550s...
On my .300 Wby and .375 H&H CZ 550’s I have two Leica ER i 2.5-10x42 because, besides being excellent quality scopes by any measure:
i) they have the magnification on the high end (6x) that I want on PG (I virtually never use 10x, but it does not hurt being there);
ii) they have a little too much magnification on the low end (2.5x) – but not dramatically so - for the .375 H&H on dangerous game (DG), but I do not use the .375 on DG up close (that is why I have the .416 and .470), so it is OK. After all, the .375 is not a stopper for close-range charges anyway, so a 1x magnification at the low end is not critical;
iii) they have a 42 mm objective, which I want, because the .300 Wby and .375 H&H can be used at dawn or dusk (leopard on bait is the perfect reason why a 42 mm objective is desirable on a .375 H&H or .300);
iv) they fit perfectly over the CZ 550 magnum action with 1/2" Talley rings.
On my .416 Rigby CZ 550 I have a Leica Visus i 1-4x24 because, besides being an excellent quality scope by any measure:
i) it has all the magnification at the high end (4x) that I could ever want on a .416;
ii) it has 1x magnification at the low end, which allows me to shoot very quickly with both eyes open up-close on DG;
iii) it only has a 24 mm objective, which is not great for light-gathering capability, but that it is OK because I will not shoot elephant, hippo, or buffalo at dusk;
iv) it fits perfectly over any magnum action with any rings;
v) it has the shortest ocular eye piece (3”), and the longest eye relief (4”) of all the straight tube scopes that I know off – most have these two numbers reversed - so it is virtually impossible for the scope to hit me under recoil during a snap shot.
I hope this was useful
