Do not forget the .340 Wby!
Going strong with a limited by loyal fan base since 1963, and available in a wide variety of Mark V as well as being chambered by all quality custom rifle makers for decades. Not to mention that most .338 Win are built on a long action and that it only takes pushing a reamer into them to make them .340 Wby, which can really simplify and reduce the cost of your search for the rifle...
The .338 RUM and the .338 Lapua essentially duplicate the .340 Wby ballistics. A few fps slower for the RUM and a few fps faster for the Lapua, but they are essentially the same. The .33 Nosler and .330 Dakota are a bit slower. The .338/.378 Wby might be too much of a good thing!
The .338 Lapua is the current darling of the sniper world and is generally shot in 15 lbs rifles with enormous muzzle-brakes. That puts it mostly in the non-hunting category (as most commercially available loads show), and it helps tremendously in explaining its popularity (because people can actually shoot it, generally from prone position), in addition to the "tacticool" fashion that drives billion $ sales these days...
Conversely, here is the reason why the big .338 are not all that numerous in the hunting fields. Built to be 8 lbs. hunting rifles carried more than they are shot, and generally without ear-splitting muzzle brakes, they hit like the hammer of Thor ... on both ends. The .340 Wby has been universally recognized for decades as an incredibly potent caliber ... but one that is difficult to shoot. The .338 RUM shares exactly the same praise ... and the same curse. The bottom line is that the recoil is both heavy and fast, and unless the shooter maintains a really tight grip on the rifle, by the time the bullet leaves the pipe, it may not be pointing in the right direction anymore...
So, the .340 Wby (I say .340 Wby because it is the oldest, but you can replace with .338 RUM) has either cult status with those who have learned to shoot it well (I bet
Bullthrower338 belongs to that club!), or it is feared and therefore ridiculed by those who can't shoot it well or who got hurt trying to shoot it with improper technique or improper equipment (rifles too light with scopes too far back being the primary culprits).
I am an unapologetic fan of the .340 Wby and used it as my one-rifle plains game safari battery last year for 12 days / two dozens animals, for anything from Eland to Steenbok (see
https://www.africahunting.com/threa...faris-august-2018-plains-game-paradise.45017/), but admittedly I need to remember that I shoot the .340 when I pull the trigger. If I do and brace myself, whatever I point it at falls. If I forget and do not control the rifle, I could miss a barn from the inside. THAT is the big .33 blessing ... and curse.
I am going back this year for another 2 weeks and another 2 dozen animals, and I am taking the .340 Wby again ... but also a .257 Wby because it is objectively easier to shoot and much more forgiving, while totally sufficient for anything up to 300 lbs, which represents the vast majority of plains game...
I suspect the .340 Wby will stay with us because Weatherby will not let one of their emblematic calibers die, and there is a fairly large number of rifles out there, sold over the last 56 years. Conversely, I do not know if enough .338 RUM have been sold for corporate Remington to keep it alive, because, truth be told, the few skilled shooters who realize its potential will use it for everything ... and most folks who bought it on a whim will shoot 3 boxes in 10 years...