I have been following this debate for the past few days and l see many knowledgeable gentlemen give their well thought out opinions on this matter. Therefore , l thought l might as well give mine .
I am not saying that the .458 Winchester magnum is a BAD calibre . That would be authoritative of me and somewhat arrogant . I will merely say that based on my personal experiences as a professional shikaree in Nagpur , India from 1961 to 1970 , l do not like the .458 Winchester magnum calibre 1 bit . A little bit of background is requisite . During the time of my career , ICI Kynoch had officially ceased production of ALL their centre fire rifle cartridges ( for example : .450/400 Nitro Express , .476 Westley Richards , etc . ) in 1963 ( unofficially , they had ceased production at least 1 or 2 years before . ) . Therefore , during this time the only 2 large bore rifle calibres which my foreign clients used to bring to India for shikar used to be the :
1) .375 Holland & Holland magnum .
2) .458 Winchester magnum
More over , there was a rule enacted in 13 States of the 30 states of India that you cannot use anything smaller than a .375 Nitro Express calibre rifle for hunting royal Bengal tigers ( the animal which l used to guide foreign clients the most for ) , water buffaloes or gaur bison .
It goes without saying that l have seen dozens of .458 Winchester magnum calibre rifles in use during their hey day ( as well as firing them . ) during those 10 years .
I have personally had no less than 12 bad experiences with clients who attempted to use this calibre on dangerous game .
In those days , the 2 options for factory loaded ammunition for the .458 Winchester magnum calibre were :
1) Winchester
2) Remington Peters ( from 1961 onwards )
Hornady bullets were available as a hand loading component .
Solid bullets were a 500 grain " full metal jacket " solid metal covered bullet .
Soft point bullets were a 510 grain expanding bullet.
My very main problem with the .458 Winchester magnum cartridge is that it is conceptually wrong in my book .
Let us use the world's most perfect cartridge as an example : The time honoured .375 Holland & Holland magnum . It uses a 3 inch case and fires a 300 grain bullet at extremely optimal velocities .
The .458 Winchester magnum uses a 500 grain bullet ( that is 200 grains heavier than the .375 Holland & Holland magnum ) , yet it uses a case which is 0.5 inches less. Ergo , a smaller powder charge.
Just by design alone , this is a bad idea.
In the 1960s , the Winchester and Remington ammunition was loaded to achieve a velocity of 2150 feet per second. Now , yes. When it accomplished what it was advertised to do , the calibre worked like a charm . However , the problem lies here :
The .458 Winchester magnum did not always deliver what it promised to. .458 Winchester magnum calibre ammunition from both Remington and Winchester had a relatively short shelf life compared to other calibres ( such as the .375 Holland & Holland magnum ) . People who stock piled .458 Winchester magnum ammunition for a few years before bringing it to India for shikar , always had ammunition which developed very erratic velocities ( and thus , penetration was poor on thick skinned game such as gaur or water buffalo . ) . FRESH ammunition more often than not DID achieve the advertised velocity of 2150 feet per second. However , factory loaded ammunition lying unused for a few years , developed a reduction of potency of the powder propellant . Velocities often dropped below 2000 feet per second .
Compare this to the .375 Holland & Holland magnum cartridge . I have personally seen massive stocks of old ICI Kynoch .375 calibre ammunition ( all of which were left behind in India , prior to 1947 ) , which performed satisfactorily on Indian dangerous game .
Also , as the propellant powder aged , it would slowly force the bullets out of the cartridge cases . This caused jams on Fabrique Nationale Mauser /Browning Safari Hi Power bolt rifles which was a short action .
There was another problem related to the .458 Winchester magnum calibre ( albeit this 1 had nothing to do with the calibre ) . The 500 grain solid metal covered bullets produced by Winchester in the late 1960s ( I noticed it in 1967 ) had flimsily constructed " jackets " which would deform when fired into the rib bones or shoulder bones of gaur bison or water buffalo.
My shikar partner , an American gentleman named Tobin Stakkatz in fact lost a kidney and almost lost his life in 1969 in an incident involving a gaur bison which was wounded by a .458 Winchester magnum calibre rifle . I have provided a report of that incident on these forums . He had to retire from guiding shikars for dangerous game after that incident .
Even after l retired from being a professional shikaree in 1971 , l closely followed the developments in .458 Winchester magnum calibre ammunition for many years . In around 1980 , Winchester and Remington both down loaded the powder charge in their .458 Winchester magnum calibre ammunition and made it 2040 feet per second , in an attempt to improve shelf life . This improved shelf life , but another problem now arose .
I refer you all to a book named " Ballistics in Perspective " written by 1 Mr. LaGrange ; an elephant culler who has slain upwards of 6000 elephants in Zimbabwe until he retired in 1990 . His department was issued .458 Winchester magnum calibre Fabrique Nationale Mauser bolt rifles .
The down loaded velocity of 2040 feet per second proved inadequate for frontal brain shots on big bull elephants .
From 1984 onwards , The Zimbabwe Department of National Parks and Wild Life Management , were supplied ammunition by A Square , which used Remington Peters cartridge cases , loaded with 500 grain Hornady solid metal covered bullets. These were loaded to the original 1960s velocity of 2150 feet per second and fresh ammunition worked fine . Unfortunately , old ammunition began to develop the same problems as the original Winchester and Remington ammunition from the 1960s - erratic velocities . This ammunition was eventually scraped and from 1991 onwards , A Square began to supply the national parks with ammunition that was loaded with 465 grain A Square monolithic solid bullets . This ammunition , after being stored for a few years , ALSO began to develop erratic velocities.
Now , to be fair ... I openly admit that my personal experience with the .458 Winchester magnum was in the 1960s and early 1970s and the book which l refer to , was published in 1990. Developments in propellant powders and bullets have come a very long way in the last 50 years. Many gentlemen on African Hunting Forums have had excellent luck with the .458 Winchester magnum. The most popular method to get a higher velocity and better shelf life from the .458 Winchester magnum seems to be , by using a 480 grain bullet as opposed to a 500 grain bullet.
If l was still guiding clients for shikar today , and a gentleman showed up with a .458 Winchester magnum calibre rifle , l would be perfectly willing to guide that client and in all probability , he would probably be fine .
However , for me ... I suppose that l am unnaturally biased against it . I occasionally do a little internet “ window shopping “ of different rifle companies . Most rifle companies these days do not even list a .458 Winchester magnum calibre rifle . The exceptions would be ( to the best of my knowledge ) :
Winchester Model 70 Safari Express
Zastava Model 70
Schultz & Larsen Ambassador & Victory models ( push feed)
Steyr Mannlicher CL II ( push feed )
This to me , looks as if most rifle makers do not really care much for the .458 Winchester magnum calibre anymore either .In Fact , l did a survey for African Hunting Forums 2 months ago titled “ your favorite 2 rifle & 1 shot gun combination “ . Out of all the people that posted , not 1 opted for the .458 Winchester magnum calibre rifle as their 1st choice .
To me , even though l have no personal experience with the .458 Lott , it seems like an ideal improvement on the .458 Winchester magnum , as it has a longer cartridge case, capable of holding a larger charger of powder , without needing to be compressed or having high pressure .
I have no idea how hot South Africa can be , but if it is anywhere as hot as India , then a high pressure cartridge like the .458 Winchester magnum is far from ideal . Extraction problems can lead to rather grave consequences , especially if dangerous game is concerned.